Today's Catch

  • Mar 26, 2013
    Many medicines were based on a chemical from the sea sponge Tectitethya crypta.

    Tectitethya crypta (formerly known as Cryptotheca crypta) is a large, shallow-water sponge found in the Caribbean. It was first studied for medical purposes in the 1950s when few scientists or doctors thought to look for medicines in the ocean. But in the sponge, scientists isolated two chemicals--aptly named spongothymidine and spongouridine--which were used as models for the development of a number of anti-viral and anti-cancer drugs.

    CREDIT:

    Sven Zea (http://www.spongeguide.org/)

  • Mar 25, 2013
    “The male weedy seadragon is entrusted with the pink, fertilized eggs once mating has been completed. It is his task to incubate them until their hatching, approximately eight weeks later. The day this photo was taken, the weather and conditions were unusually perfect: blue skies, little to no wind, and clear water. I took this photo while on my back under the local sea plants, looking up as it swam by.” -- Nature's Best Photographer, Richard Wylie

    Weedy seadragons (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus) are found off the coast of south and east Australia. Just like seahorses, the male seadragon is tasked with caring for its eggs. The bright pink eggs are placed by the female on a brood patch on the underside of the male where they are incubated and then hatch after about six weeks.

    CREDIT:

    Richard Wylie/Nature's Best Photography

  • Mar 22, 2013
    <p>This rare&nbsp;<strong><a href="/jellyfish-and-comb-jellies#section_16225">staurozoan</a></strong>, or stalked jellyfish,&nbsp;<em>Haliclystus californiensis</em>, is about 2 centimeters in length and was collected off the coast of California.</p>

    This rare staurozoan, or stalked jellyfish (Haliclystus californiensis) is about 2 centimeters in length and was collected off the coast of California. Unlike the traditional bell-shaped floating jellyfish, staurozoans live attached to rocks or other hard surfaces and mostly live in cold water. They tend to blend in with their surroundings, so often go unnoticed except to those who seek them out.

    CREDIT:

    Allen Collins

  • Mar 21, 2013
    <p>This fossil jaw of <em>Carcharodon hubbelli</em>, a possible great white shark ancestor, contains 222 teeth, some in rows up to six teeth deep.</p>

    This well-preserved fossil is the only intact partial skull ever found of a white shark that lived about 6.5 million years ago called Carcharodon hubbelli. The fossil jaw contains 222 teeth, some in rows up to six teeth deep, and may provide evidence that modern day great white sharks evolved from the ancestors of mako sharks, not the megalodon.

    CREDIT:

    Jeff Gage/Florida Museum of Natural History

  • Mar 20, 2013
    A great white shark gaping its jaws at the surface of the water; gaping is used as a form of communication in sharks

    A great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) emerges from the water's surface, gaping at the photographer. Gaping is a way sharks communicate with each other, and maybe even try and communicate with humans.

    CREDIT:

    © Alison Kock, Save Our Seas

  • Mar 19, 2013
    <p>The central dark area of this foram (<em>Globigerinoides ruber</em>) is the shell surrounded by spines. The tiny yellow dots are symbiotic algae, which live in the protoplasm of the host organism.</p>

    This foraminifer was collected as it floated about 3 meters below the surface off the coast of Puerto Rico. The central dark area is the shell surrounded by spines. The tiny yellow dots are symbiotic algae, which live in the protoplasm of the host organism. When the foraminifer dies, the spines fall off and only the shell is preserved in the fossil record. Shell building animals like forams will be affected by ocean acidification and warming sea temperatures

    CREDIT:

    Howard J. Spero/University of California, Davis

  • Mar 18, 2013
    “On an afternoon dive, I spotted a small group of sweetlips in the current among a shoal of juvenile convict blennies. It took me some time to get close to the fish without spooking them. I took several frames but this one was my favorite because of the position of the fish, particularly the one on the right who seems to be yawning.” -- Nature's Best Photographer, Jose Alejandro Alvarez

    The larger fish in this picture are called sweetlips (Plectorhinchus) because of their big, fleshy lips. There are over thirty species of sweetlips, which tend to live on coral reefs in small groups. 

    CREDIT:

    Jose Alejandro Alvarez

  • Mar 17, 2013

    This sea potato (Echinocardium cordatum) looks similar to its root vegetable namesake, but it's a sea urchin! The spines on this urchin are more hair-like than the spikes seen on some more commonly known urchins, and they lay flat across the urchin's body. They can be found buried in the sediments of the sea floor.

    CREDIT:

    Filip Nuyttens

  • Mar 15, 2013
    A purple hard coral releases bundles of pink eggs glued together with sperm.

    Corals are sedentery animals, so how do they reproduce? One way is sexually through spawning, when the corals release eggs and sperm into the water (often at the same time due to some sort of trigger). External sexual reproduction occurs when colonies of coral release huge numbers of eggs and sperm that are often glued into bundles (one bundle per polyp) that float towards the surface.

    CREDIT:

    Chuck Savall

  • Mar 14, 2013
    The spiral-tufted bryozoan could hold a medicine for Alzheimer's and cancer.

    The spiral-tufted bryozoan (Bugula neritina) is being studied for a potential Alzheimer's disease and cancer drug -- but it's not the bryozoan that makes the chemical. The chemical, found in the bryozoan's tissues, is produced by its bacterial endosymbiont, Candidatus Endobugula sertula.

    CREDIT:

    Lovell and Libby Langstroth © California Academy of Sciences